What is financial planning?
Financial planning is a step-by-step approach to meet one’s life goals. A financial plan
acts as a guide as you go through life’s journey. Essentially, it helps you be in
control of your income, expenses and investments such that you can manage your money and
achieve your goals.
You need to have an adequate amount of money to fulfil your goals and desires. More
importantly, you need to have money at the right point in time.
For example, if you want to build up a corpus of Rs. 10 lakh for your daughter’s college
education through investments, you need to grow this amount by the time she turns 18.
Not a year later. This is where financial planning becomes essential.
What are Benefits of financial planning?
There are numerous practical benefits to financial planning. It helps you to:
1. Increase your savings
It may be possible to save money without having a financial plan. But it may not be the
most efficient way to go about it. When you create a financial plan, you get a good deal
of insight into your income and expenses. You can track and cut down your costs
consciously. This automatically increases your savings in the long run.
2. Enjoy a better standard of living
Most people assume that they would have to sacrifice their standard of living if their
monthly bills and EMI repayments are to be addressed. On the contrary, with a good
financial plan, you would not need to compromise your lifestyle. It is possible to
achieve your goals while living in relative comfort.
3. Be prepared for emergencies
Creating an emergency fund is a critical aspect of financial planning. Here, you need to
ensure that you have a fund that is equal to at least 6 months of your monthly salary.
This way, you don’t have to worry about procuring funds in case of a family emergency or
a job loss. The emergency fund can help you pay for varied expenses on time.
4. Attain peace of mind
With adequate funds at hand, you can cover your monthly expenses, invest for your future
goals and splurge a little for yourself and your family, without worry. Financial
planning helps you manage your money efficiently and enjoy peace of mind. Don’t worry if
you have not yet reached this stage. If you are on the path of financial planning, the
destination of financial peace is not very far away.
Financial planning for life goals
The importance of personal financial planning in India cannot be ignored. It is not just
about increasing your savings and reducing your expenses. Financial planning is a lot
more than that. This includes achieving your future goals, such as:
1. Wealth creation
The rise in the price of everyday items means that if you want to maintain or increase
your current standard of living in the future, you need to create a sufficient corpus of
wealth. You may also want to purchase a better car or a new house in the future. All
this requires money, and it merely highlights the importance of wealth creation. It is
possible to achieve these goals by carefully investing your money in the right avenues.
Equity mutual funds can be a suitable option for long term goals. These funds could help
the investor to accumulate wealth in the long run.
2. Retirement planning
Your retirement may be 25 or 30 years in the future. But that does not mean you plan for
it when you retire. To enjoy a happy and comfortable retired life, you need to start
building your safety net right now. Planning at an early stage in life can help secure
your future against financial uncertainties. Also, you invest lesser amounts if you
start early and gain from the power of compounding which helps to build a large enough
corpus over the 25-30 year period.
3. Child’s education
Education has become very expensive, not only in India but across the world. And in
future, this cost is only going to rise. This is why it is necessary to start planning
from the moment your child is born. Calculate how much you wish to earn and start
investing in long-term investment avenues that can help you achieve this goal. You can
approach a financial advisor for advice if you are not sure how to proceed further.
4. Saving tax
Every year, you are probably paying a substantial amount as tax. But you can now lower
your tax outgo legally. The Indian Income Tax Act provides various provisions for people
to reduce their tax outgo. By planning your taxes in advance, you can identify the best
avenues to invest your money and reduce your taxable income. Mutual funds provide a tax
efficient avenue for investing for your life goals.
Why personal financial planning is crucial?
To tackle inflation
Remember the time you went to a multiplex with your family. You must have probably heard
your grandparents say: ‘Everything was so cheap back then’. It’s true. Twenty years ago,
the cost of movie tickets was around Rs. 40, not Rs. 500 as it is today. Similarly,
chocolates, coffee, clothes, petrol and other regular goods were much cheaper ‘back
then’. This phenomenon of prices rising over the years is known as inflation. It is the
steady increase in the price of goods and services over time. And if you are not
careful, it can eat into your savings in no time. Here’s a simple example to illustrate
its effect.
Imagine a chocolate bar costs Rs. 10 today and you have Rs. 100. With this amount, you
can buy 10 chocolate bars. Over the next one year, imagine you keep Rs. 100 in a bank
that offers you an annual interest rate of 5%. At the end of the year, you have Rs. 105
with you.
But over one year, let’s assume that the price of the chocolate bar increases to Rs. 11.
This means you have to pay Rs. 110 to purchase the same 10 chocolate bars next year. But
since you have only Rs. 105, you fall short of Rs. 5. This is how inflation eats into
one’s savings. It reduces purchasing power over time, and you have to pay more money to
buy the same goods.
You can combat inflation by investing in avenues that offer you better returns over
time. But for this, financial planning is critical.
To create a contingency fund
The future is uncertain, and anything can happen at any time. Here’s a scenario that
highlights this point.
Imagine a father who has taken an education loan to finance his daughter’s college
education. At the same time, he is also saving money to fund his retirement that is a
couple of years away. But suddenly, a medical emergency occurs in the family.
Unfortunately, the lack of medical insurance coverage means he has to pay for medical
expenses out of his savings. This depletes his retirement corpus and increases his
financial burden.
Many people face such situations. And while it is good to hope for the best, it is
necessary to plan for the worst. A sudden job loss or an unexpected medical emergency
can shake up your finances considerably. This is why you need to have an emergency fund
to deal with such issues. Financial experts advise investors to keep an amount equal to
6 months’ salary as a contingency fund. This can be invested in a liquid fund so that
you can access the money quickly in case of an emergency.
To create a retirement corpus
Newer medicines and more significant advances in the medical field mean that people are
now living longer retired lives. This is undoubtedly a good thing. You can enjoy more
time with your family, explore your passions and dreams and travel around the world. But
there’s one crucial question you need to consider: how can I fund all these expenses?
You need to have an adequate amount of money to ensure you enjoy your retired life to
the fullest. This is possible by having a financial plan that provides regular income
post retirement.
To manage your money in the best possible manner
Satisfying the needs of your family members can be tricky. Your teenage son may
want to go to a space camp during the summer while your oldest child is ready to go to
college. In personal finance, planning is vital. It not only helps you understand the
needs of different family members but also how you can achieve them. But for this, you
need to manage your money in the best possible manner.
For instance, parking your savings in a bank account is better than spending all of it.
However, this is not the best way to deploy your money. In comparison, avenues like
mutual funds could provide better annual yields. So, when you identify your family’s
needs and make your money work actively to achieve them, you may expect to see good
results.
Conclusion
Benjamin Franklin has rightly said, “If you fail to plan, you are planning to fail.”
Arthtosh has experience of creating 100+ financial plans for every age-income level of
clients, with our expertise and as per your needs we plan-execute-achieve every
financial goals.